There are two main systems used in BMWs over the last 40 years for power braking: engine vacuum and hydraulic pressure. The most common system uses a device called a brake booster, which uses the engine vacuum pressure in the intake manifold to create a pressure gradient over a large membrane, increasing the force exerted on the master cylinder when you press the brake pedal. The other system is purely hydraulic, and uses a pressure accumulator (usually called the "brake bomb") driven by the power steering pump, which has 4 feeds in/out as a result. (2 for steering, 2 for brakes) The pressure accumulator is connected to a valving system which exerts additional pressure (from the accumulator) on the master cylinder when the brake pedal is pressed.
The pictures you are showing are of two separate braking systems: a brake booster-actuated one (shown in Figure 34/7) and a system using two smaller master cylinders with smaller brake boosters shown in Figure 34/18 and 34/7. I have never seen this dual system in person before, but it was apparently used only in Europe. The vast majority of BMWs use the system shown in Figure 34/7.