Yes, I agree that fine and fee is not rational. Is it fair - don't think so, but I've always understood 'life is not always going to be fair'.
I don't think the fine and fees are usually established by the police, but by the state politicians or their appointees. I've received well over a dozen speeding tickets over my 69 years of driving and in about a half dozen different states. I was guilty in every case, and paid the price. On a few occasions, the patrolman has been lenient and made it a warning, or maybe a couple of miles below actual to prevent a significant jump in the fine. Maybe this patrolman had a bad day, felt he had been/was disrespected by one or more drivers (and/or might have been required by statute to record the exact reading of the radar gun (if that was used). In all honesty, there have probably been several hundreds of thousands of miles during those 69 years where I was exceeding the posted limit and could have been cited, but no police were there to observe.
Any way, I can feel your son's pain, but there is both a risk and a reward to driving faster than the speed limit. He may never speed again, but is more probably like me - a single ticket every 5-10 years doesn't make me always set the cruise control at the speed limit!
Gary
PS: Yes, Jay that was an interesting article. Seems a lot of those who can afford it are heading out. Governor and NYC Mayor have an interesting issue to solve.