Are you looking for the highest physical rpm without expensive noises, or approaching this from the other direction via a dyno sheet, and building your engine to withstand the forces you'll encounter at a few hundred rpm past peak torque?
Physically: identify the weak link and use it as the limiting factor. Calculate the dynamic forces on the main bearing and rod caps, bolt strength, pistons, rods, valves and springs etc. based on their mass, elasticity and material strength plus a safety factor. Use a higher safety factor for mission critical components and those which one wouldn't/can't find replacements for. I imagine a competent race engine builder would have tools for redline calculation based on the above.
Seat of the pants: compare engines with similar rods, caps, bolts, pistons, etc.
Alternatively, google "calculate engine redline" (which I assume you have done) and all sorts of links come up.