Why?
The compressor's electromagnetic clutch draws about 4–5A, but it generates significant voltage spikes when disengaging. This relay is controlled by a safety loop (a thermostat plus a pressure switch) and safely activates the cooling system within the engine compartment.
Although the clutch coil of a Sanden SD7H15 compressor draws only about 3.8–4.5 A during continuous operation, the moment of disengagement presents a critical issue. The coil acts as a powerful inductor; when the power supply is cut off, it generates a high-voltage spike (reaching several hundred volts).
Without a relay, this back-EMF (flyback current) would strike the micro-contacts of a thermostat or a pressure switch directly, causing them to burn out rapidly, weld shut, or even completely melt the control electronics. Notably, the Bosch relay with an integrated diode (0986AH0602) that I have selected is ideal for this application, as the built-in diode suppresses these dangerous voltage surges.